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What is the main product of the esterification reaction?
Alcohol and acid
Carboxylic acid and water
Ester and carbon dioxide
Ester and water
The correct answer is: Ester and water
In an esterification reaction, typically involving a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, the main product formed is an ester and water. During this process, the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxylic acid combines with a hydrogen atom from the alcohol, resulting in the elimination of water. This process is a classic example of a condensation reaction, where two molecules join together with the loss of a smaller molecule (in this case, water). The significance of forming an ester is highlighted in many practical applications, including the creation of fragrances, flavors, and plastics. The nature of the ester product will depend on the specific carboxylic acid and alcohol used in the reaction, but the formation of water as a byproduct is consistent across all esterification reactions.